The United States has warned Americans in the Middle East to exercise heightened vigilance amid growing regional tensions and the possibility of a rapid and unforeseen escalation.

In a security advisory, the US Department of State said the security environment across the region remains complex, warning that Americans could face flight cancellations, airspace closures and other travel disruptions.

The department said Iran-supported Houthi forces have engaged in hostilities against Saudi Arabia, including attacks involving civilian airports, warning that the military conflict could escalate rapidly.

Americans who are outside the Middle East have been advised to seriously reconsider travelling to or through the region because of the heightened security risks.

Those who choose to travel to or from the region have been urged to closely monitor information on airport and airline operations and remain alert to possible changes to travel arrangements.

The US Department of State also warned that the security threat extends beyond the Middle East, saying US diplomatic facilities, including those located outside the region, have been targeted.

According to the advisory, Iran and groups supportive of Iran may target other US interests overseas or locations associated with the United States and American citizens around the world.

The potential targets could include US businesses and other institutions, highlighting the possibility of security incidents beyond areas directly affected by the current military tensions.

The warning comes as Washington continues to assess security developments across the Middle East and their potential implications for American citizens, diplomatic missions and US-linked interests.